Tutorial 5-User-Generated Content on the Internet-new perspectives on the internet-9th edition-Schneider and Evans

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Tutorial 5: User-Generated Content on the Internet

TRUE/FALSE

1. The Internet has thousands of newsgroups on many different topics.

2. One limitation of podcasts is that users cannot subscribe to a podcast to receive it on a specific schedule.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: WEB 245

3. A podcast cannot be a video broadcast.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: WEB 245

4. Web 2.0 applications vary, but they all rely in some way on the interactions of communities of people and their data.

5. When anyone can subscribe to a mailing list, it is called a free list.

6. A popular term for Usenet topic categories is Internet discussion group.

7. Most Usenet groups are moderated.

8. The term “podcast” is a combination of the words “iPod” and “broadcasting.”

9. Most developers of operating systems do NOT make their APIs available to third-party developers on request.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: WEB 255

10. Some instant messaging software programs refer to online contacts as “buddies” or “friends.”

11. Email lets users send and receive very short messages (usually 240 characters or less) in real time.

12. The primary disadvantage of VoIP is its limitations in identifying a caller’s physical location for emergency services (911) operators.

13. In 2011, Google launched its own social network called Google Chrome.

14. Some industry analysts have estimated Facebook’s annual revenues to be in excess of $1 billion, mostly from advertising.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 269

15. Sharing photos on the Web can be done privately or publicly, depending on your goal.

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 272

16. You need to visit the YouTube Web site to view its content.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: WEB 274

17. Yahoo! and Bing include dedicated sites where users can post and share videos.

18. A blog is a Web site that is published to express the blogger’s opinions about a particular topic.

19. Blog postings appear with the oldest post at the top and newer postings below the older ones.

20. On Twitter, you need to create an account to view someone else’s postings.

ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: WEB 280

MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE

1. A podcast is an audio broadcast that is created and saved in a digital format and then stored on a computer or server. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 245

2. You can group the Internet’s many communication methods into two basic categories: push and tug. _________________________

3. One way of sharing information is to join, or follow, a mailing list. _________________________

4. The server that stores a newsgroup is called a(n) InfoSource server. _________________________

ANS: F, news

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 247

5. When only part of a Web page is coded to syndicate content, you can subscribe to it using a Web Slice (Internet Explorer). _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 249

6. RSS is an acronym for Read-only Simple Syndication. _________________________

7. A blog is a frequently updated Web site that expresses the opinions of the author(s), with content that is focused on a specific topic. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 262

8. In a chat room, the practice of reading messages and not contributing to the discussion is called peeping. _________________________

9. Facebook is open to anyone 13 years and older with an email address. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 269

10. LinkedIn was started in 2003 for business professionals. _________________________

11. The most popular video-sharing site is Facebook. _________________________

12. A microblog is a form of blogging that sends short messages on a very frequent schedule. _________________________

ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: WEB 279

13. You can search the Google Groups directory by typing keywords in the group box, or you can click the general group categories to open a list of subcategories. _________________________

14. Although you can play a podcast using a media player, you will need to use software to subscribe to a podcast. _________________________

15. API stands for Application Programming Intercom. _________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A feed might include ____.
a. news topics c. podcasts
b. blog updates d. all of the above

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: WEB 245

2. A(n) ____ is a discussion group that occurs over a computer network with many users contributing to a specific topic.
a. chat group c. distributed group
b. blog group d. newsgroup

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: WEB 245

3. The following is NOT an example of push technology: ____.
a. chat c. instant messaging
b. blogs d. mashups

4. The following is NOT an example of pull technology: ____.
a. mailing lists c. podcasts
b. online social networks d. newsgroups

5. Web ____ creates users who actively participate in writing the content that they are viewing.
a. 1.0 c. 2.0
b. 1.5 d. 4.0

6. A mailing ____ uses a list server to send subscribers messages from other list members.
a. list c. feed
b. podcast d. chat

7. On a(n) ____ list, an individual or group monitors messages sent to the list and discards inappropriate content.
a. moderated c. free
b. unmoderated d. paid

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: WEB 247

8. A mailing list that does not have anyone monitoring messages sent to the list is called a(n) ____ list.
a. moderated c. free
b. unmoderated d. paid

9. Usenet was founded in 1979 at ____ and is a way of collecting information and storing it by topic category.
a. Harvard University c. Duke University
b. Cornell University d. Northwestern University

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: WEB 247

10. A(n) ____ database is stored in multiple physical locations, with portions of the database replicated in different locations.
a. distributed c. adjustment
b. virtual d. integrated

11. The topic categories in Usenet used to be called ____.
a. newsgroups c. subjects
b. forums d. either a. or b.

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: WEB 247

12. A ____ stores items on a server as articles or postings that are sorted by topic.
a. newsgroup c. chat
b. podcast d. mailing list

13. To receive feed content, you can install a program called a(n) ____ on your device.
a. pie slicer c. aggregator
b. feed holder d. appetizer

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: WEB 249

14. Podcasting lets a user subscribe to a(n) ____ podcast.
a. audio c. either a. or b.
b. video d. neither a. nor b.

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: WEB 252

15. A podcast with educational content is sometimes referred to as a ____.
a. smartcast c. teachcast
b. learncast d. lecturecast

16. ____ software manages the schedule for downloading podcast files to your device.
a. Podplanning c. Podcatcher
b. Webplanning d. Webcatcher

17. When APIs are shared, the term Web ____ describes the process of organizations communicating through a network to share data without needing extensive knowledge of each other’s systems.
a. aggregation c. discussions
b. coordination d. services

18. A(n) ____ is a form of blogging in which users send short messages on a very frequent schedule.
a. microblog c. mailing list
b. blog d. pod

19. A(n) ____ message is sent in real time between users who are chatting over a network.
a. instant c. pull
b. push d. email

20. Originally the term “chat” referred to ____ chat.
a. voice c. video
b. text d. microblogging

21. The first instant messaging program, ICQ, started in ____, and still has millions of worldwide users.
a. 1991 c. 2001
b. 1996 d. 2006

22. A(n) ____ occurs over a cellular network between users who are connected to the network using cell phones or other mobile devices.
a. text message c. email message
b. podcast d. post

23. VoIP is an acronym for Voice over Internet ____.
a. Program c. Protocol
b. Process d. Procedure

24. Referring to the figure above, you can click the general group categories to open a list of ____.
a. search terms c. links to dictionaries
b. subcategories d. Web 2.0 communities

25. Referring to the figure above, when you navigate to an individual group page in Google Groups, the summary for each group includes the ____.
a. number of members in the group
b. number of messages per month the group generates
c. both a. and b.
d. neither a. nor b.

26. Referring to the figure above, if you were to click the “Create a group…” button you will be ____.
a. asked to log in
b. asked if you are a Google Administrator
c. asked to pay a group set-up fee
d. all of the above

27. The provider shown in the figure above stores millions of newsgroup articles dating from ____ in its database.
a. 1971 c. 1981
b. 1976 d. 1986

28. An example of VoIP is ____.
a. Twitter c. Chrome
b. Facebook d. Skype

29. Facebook has a large number of active users, and more than ____ of its users check their Facebook pages daily.
a. 30% c. 70%
b. 50% d. 90%

30. Ryze, LinkedIn, and ____ connect business professionals.
a. Facebook c. Classmates
b. Sermo d. Safari

31. ____ is a photo-sharing site.
a. Sight-Flight c. Pixar
b. Flickr d. Pickr

32. YouTube was started in ____ as a private venture.
a. 2001 c. 2005
b. 2003 d. 2007

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: WEB 274

33. A blog often contains ____.
a. text and comments c. videos
b. photographs d. all of the above

34. Many blogs are published using free blogging tools available from sites such as Blogger, WordPress, and Windows ____ Writer.
a. Press c. Expression
b. Social d. Live

35. A(n) ____ of tools lets you post blog content on other sites.
a. widget c. cornucopia
b. waddle d. hack

36. Tweets and tweeting are references to the popular Microblogging site ____.
a. Facebook c. Twitter
b. Twype d. Classmates

37. The correct format for a hashtag is ____.
a. $professor c. &professor
b. #professor d. *professor

38. When the Usenet News Service began operating in 1979, the only way to read or post articles to newsgroups was to install and run a software program, called a ____.
a. news widget c. newsreader
b. news catcher d. news group

39. Sometimes the link to subscribe to feeds is a text link with the letters “____” to indicate the file format of the syndicated content.
a. RSA c. RSP
b. RSL d. RSS

40. To delete a feed in Internet Explorer, right-click the feed’s name on the Feeds tab in the ____ Center, and then click Delete on the shortcut menu.
a. Favorites c. Feeds
b. History d. Information

41. To delete a feed in Firefox, right-click the button on the ____ Bar or the feed’s name on the Bookmarks Toolbar, and then click Delete on the shortcut menu.
a. Favorites c. Feeds
b. History d. Information

42. Podcasting’s original use was to make it easy for people to create and broadcast their own ____, but many other uses soon followed.
a. radio shows c. blog feeds
b. tv shows d. community announcements

43. ____ was the first to make APIs available to other developers.
a. YouTube c. eBay
b. Amazon.com d. Craigslist.com

44. Mashup developers usually include additional APIs on the mashup site that link to customized ____ to generate revenue.
a. retail sites c. forums
b. community home pages d. advertising

45. Photo-sharing and video-sharing sites are geared toward ____.
a. communities of users c. governments
b. business-to-business activities d. database managers

46. Chats can be ____.
a. text c. voice
b. video d. all of the above

47. A social network is a general term that refers to any community of people who use the Internet to share ____.
a. updates c. contacts
b. business information d. any of the above

48. The early networks that became the Internet included many computers that ran a program called ____ that allowed users to exchange short text messages.
a. Text c. Communicate
b. Chat d. Talk

49. In 1988, Jarkko Oikarinen wrote a multiuser communications program called Internet Relay ____ (IRC).
a. Communication c. Connect
b. Chat d. Community

50. In addition to text-only chats, people in the 1990s used their Web browsers to visit a virtual ____ room, where they could send text-only messages to other users in the room.
a. text c. club
b. chat d. mail

51. Users with a sound card, speakers, and a microphone connected to their computers can participate in a ____, in which participants speak to each other in real time, much like they would using a telephone.
a. text chat c. voice chat
b. text blast d. podcast

52. The addition of a Web camera (also called a ____) enables users to participate in a video chat, in which participants can see and speak to each other.
a. webpic c. webvid
b. webcam d. webeye

53. Within six months of ICQ’s introduction, America Online (AOL) created its own instant messaging software called ____.
a. ARM c. ATM
b. AIM d. ALM

54. Chat participants might use common acronyms as a typing shortcut for common expressions, such as “bbl” for “____.”
a. be back later c. bored but lucky
b. bye bye later d. bye bye loser

55. Chat participants might use common acronyms as a typing shortcut for common expressions, such as “c u” for “____.”
a. see you (later/soon) c. came upon (something of interest)
b. come up d. call until

56. Chat participants might use common acronyms as a typing shortcut for common expressions, such as “ttfn” for “____”.
a. goodbye c. leave me alone
b. hello d. get well soon

57. Most business professionals use ____ on their cell phones and other mobile devices to communicate with clients and customers.
a. chat c. email
b. instant messaging d. all of the above

58. Classmates.com started in 1995 as a way to connect people from specific graduating classes at high schools and colleges, and people ____.
a. in the military c. studying Information Technology
b. vacationing overseas d. who are new U.S. citizens

59. An early online social network, craigslist, which was created in 1995 by Craig Newmark, started as an information resource for ____ area residents.
a. Chicago c. Los Angeles
b. Pittsburgh d. San Francisco

60. An early pioneer of Web 2.0, Friendster, was launched by Jonathan Abrams in ____ and was an immediate sensation on the Web.
a. 2000 c. 2006
b. 2003 d. 2009

61. Facebook, which began in 2004 as a closed network for college students and later was expanded to include high school students, was founded by Mark Zuckerberg, then a student at ____ University.
a. Northwestern c. Yale
b. Duke d. Harvard

62. Political candidates, grassroots campaigns, television programs, and millions of businesses have Facebook ____ that are an integral part of their marketing efforts.
a. tweets c. placeholders
b. pages d. microblogs

63. Online business networks are used by people and organizations that are looking for ____.
a. a company recruiting employees with specific skills
b. a vendor hoping to place its product in a particular retail outlet
c. an organization searching for a consultant who can provide assistance on a specific topic
d. any of the above

64. The figure above shows an example of a ____.
a. news feed c. blog
b. microblog d. Facebook page

65. YouTube started in 2005 as a private venture; only a year later, ____ purchased it.
a. Microsoft c. Google
b. Apple d. Adobe

66. By 2011, YouTube had more than ____ billion visitors posting and watching hundreds of millions of videos each day.
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4

67. Most video-sharing sites let users ____ content, which makes it easy for others to find video content related to research projects or specific subjects.
a. tweet c. copy
b. tag d. save

68. Google ____ is one resource that categorizes blogs for searching.
a. Blog Search c. Blog Find
b. Search d. Find

ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: WEB 278

69. The content of a microblog differs from that of a traditional blog in that it answers the question, “____”
a. How are you? c. Who are you?
b. Will you pay attention to me? d. What are you doing?

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: WEB 279

70. On Twitter, as you post content, ____.
a. it can be read by your friends
b. it can be read by people you don’t know
c. both a. and b.
d. neither a. nor b.

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: WEB 280

Case 5-1

Saul is trying to stay in touch with friends while he works at a summer internship across the country. He knows there are many communication options available, but doesn’t really understand them. So he has asked you to help him figure it all out.

71. Saul wants to try to keep his conversations with friends in real time, if he can. You tell him that all of the following would permit this EXCEPT ____.
a. mailing lists c. IRC
b. ICQ d. video chat

72. Saul thinks he wants to be able to keep chats private when he’s chatting online. You tell him that the best option would be to use ____.
a. IRC c. instant messaging
b. Web-based chat d. a party room

ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: WEB 264 TOP: Critical Thinking

73. The language you use when communicating in a business environment should be understandable without the use of any ____ or other characters that express your true feelings.
a. emoticons c. logos
b. icons d. widgets

74. Saul heard something about MSN Messenger, and he liked the sounds of it. But he’s having trouble finding more about it. You tell him that this is because ____.
a. he’s not looking hard enough
b. its new name is Windows Live Messenger
c. it has gone defunct
d. none of the above

75. At last, Saul has decided to get set up with AOL Instant Messenger. He downloads the software, creates an account, and signs in with his user name and password. Now he looks puzzled. You tell him that next he should ____.
a. reboot his computer
b. scan his system for viruses
c. pay the monthly subscription fee to initialize his account
d. create his online contacts list so he can see which of his friends are online

Case 5-2

Judy has joined a social network. She’s having a blast, but a few things have her concerned. You tell her that you have experience with social networking sites, and you’re happy to answer her questions.

76. Judy has found the name of an old friend that she wants to add to her contacts. She hasn’t spoken to her in years, and is eager to get back in touch. She asks you what you think. You tell her that ____.
a. all social networks are anonymous and therefore completely secure
b. there are many people with the same name, and the same life details, so she should make sure the person she’s contacting is the right person
c. because the nature of an online social network requires you to provide real information about yourself, you might be putting yourself at risk for identity theft and other privacy problems.
d. none of the above

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: WEB 283 TOP: Critical Thinking

77. Judy has a friend online who has been a victim of cyberbullying. You tell Judy that her friend ____.
a. should report the incident immediately, as most social networks have a code of conduct that penalize such behavior
b. should check the social network’s Help section to learn steps she can take to prevent cyberbullies from contacting her again
c. should only contact friends via email, as only email is safe from cyberbullies
d. both a. and b.

78. Judy has a ten-year-old neighbor, Abby. Abby’s parents ask for advice regarding social networking sites. Judy tells them that ____.
a. most social networking sites have foolproof restricted areas for underage users, so Abby would certainly be safe
b. by no means should they let Abby near a social networking site, as there are no safeguards whatsoever
c. there may be age-appropriate social networking sites, but their safety features are not always foolproof, so Abby’s parents should closely monitor her time there
d. none of the above

79. Judy has friends who want to use the same social networking site as she. They’d love to use their lunch hours at work chatting and catching up with friends. But for some reason their access has been blocked. You explain to Judy that more and more companies are blocking access to social networking Web sites because of ____.
a. security c. both a. and b.
b. loss of worker productivity d. neither a. nor b.

80. Judy is worried that some inaccurate, and negative, information and rumors about her and her company have started spreading via her social networking site. She wants to nip this in the bud, and wonders if you know a way to help. You tell her that she should look at the services offered by ____.
a. Google Cleanup c. GoodNameBack.com
b. ReputationDefender.com d. YouTube

ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: WEB 284 TOP: Critical Thinking

COMPLETION

1. A(n) _________________________ sends subscribed users frequently updated content on a schedule that the user specifies.

2. A(n) _________________________ is a Web site that combines the data and functionality from different Web resources to create a new Web site that is updated by those resources.

ANS: mashup

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 245

3. A(n) _________________________ is a list of names and email addresses for a group of people who share a common interest in a specific or broad topic and exchange information by subscribing to the list.

4. A virtual community, now more commonly called an online _________________________ network, provides a way for people to discuss issues and share information using the Internet or cellular networks.

5. When a mailing list has a list administrator who oversees the list’s members, it is called a(n) _________________________ list.

ANS: closed

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 247

6. In a mailing list, a series of postings on a particular issue is called a(n) _________________________.

7. A software program uses an application _________________________ interface to communicate with the operating system or some other program.

8. _________________________ is a general term for real-time communication that occurs over the Internet using a Web site or a chat program.

9. A social _________________________ is a general term that refers to any community of people who use the Internet to share information.

ANS: network

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 262

10. The Facebook sign up page includes the slogan, “It’s _________________________ and always will be.”

ANS: free

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 270

11. _________________________ postings are sometimes referred to as tweets

12. In microblogging, the term _________________________ identifies someone who is receiving your updates.

ANS: follower

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 280

13. On Twitter, users include user-defined keywords called _________________________ to create topical categories that link to other messages with the same keywords.

ANS: hashtags

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 281

14. _________________________ refers to using Internet communication to harass, threaten, or intimidate someone.

15. When only part of a Web page is coded to syndicate content, such as a sports score or a weather update, you can subscribe to it using a Web _________________________ (Internet Explorer).

ANS: Slice

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 249

16. To receive feed content, you can install a program called a(n) _________________________ on your device.

17. You need to use software called a (n) _________________________ to subscribe to a podcast.

18. The practice of reading messages and not contributing to the discussion is called _________________________.

19. _________________________ is a business network site restricted to credentialed U.S. physicians.

ANS: Sermo

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 270

20. Most video-sharing sites let users _________________________ content, which makes it easy to find video content related to research projects or specific subjects.

ANS: tag

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 276

MATCHING

a. podcatching software g. ICQ
b. distributed database h. API
c. Usenet i. Following
d. IRC j. RSS
e. open list k. LinkedIn
f. Web Slice l. Web 2.0

1. format for distributing published content from one site to another

2. an instant messaging software program started in 1996

3. usually displays frequently updated content, such as a weather forecast

4. two popular versions are Juice and iTunes

5. receiving microblog updates

6. a term related to mashups

7. focused on business networking

8. automatically accept all members

9. a term related to user-generated content

10. stored in multiple physical locations

11. used for text chat

12. one of the first large, distributed information databases

ESSAY

1. Describe the difference between pull technology and push technology, and give some examples of each.

ANS:
Early Web sites were mostly static, with updates being posted by the Web site’s developer on a regular basis. You used these Web sites to pull information you wanted to your computer so you could read it. Pull technology includes mailing lists, newsgroups, podcasts, and general static Web pages.

Several years ago, with new software and imaginative ways of reusing existing software, the way people used the Web began to change. Instead of just searching for content, you could now tell a browser what you wanted and have it sent — or pushed — to you, either at your request or on a certain schedule. You could also “push” content out that you wanted others to see. Examples include chat, instant messaging, online social networks, blogs, and microblogs.

 

2. Describe what a mashup is, including a brief description of the technology behind it.

ANS:
Software developers have long used pieces of software called APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to ensure that programs created by different companies work together well. Web developers began making these APIs freely available to any developer who wanted to use them; such APIs became known as Web services. Then, other developers decided to start combining the APIs of two different Web sites to create a new, completely different third Web site — drawing and integrating the information from both of the source Web sites via their APIs. This is called a mashup.

PTS: 1 REF: WEB 255 TOP: Critical Thinking

3. Briefly describe the phenomenon known as Web 2.0.

ANS:
In the past several years, the Web has evolved so that connected people push information to users who request it or just wander into it. This change is sometimes called the “new Internet” or Web 2.0. Web 2.0 creates users who actively participate in writing the content that they are viewing; hence the term “user-generated content.” Web 2.0 users not only interact with content, they also are given new and easy ways to create it. In fact, Web 2.0 isn’t a “new” Internet at all; the term itself is intended to indicate a change in the way people use the Web, just like a version change in a software program indicates that a new release of the software is better than the old version. Web 2.0 applications enable users to manage and distribute information gathered from online communities to people all over the world, who then take the information and work to improve and expand it.