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Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity – Rathus – Chapter 4

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Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity – Rathus – Chapter 4

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h1) Which statement is true regarding visual cues in human sexual arousal?

  1. Both men and women can become sexually aroused by visual stimuli.
  2. Men are much more sexually aroused by visual stimuli than women.
  3. Women are more visually oriented than men.
  4. Visual stimuli do not play an important role for either men or women.

 

2) Which is true regarding the sense of smell?

  1. It is the most powerful of the five senses in sexual arousal.
  2. The aversion to body odour is a culturally conditioned response.
  3. All societies find the odour of genital secretions to be offensive.
  4. The use of soaps and perfumes to mask body odours increases sexual attractiveness.

 

3) Which statement is true regarding pheromones?

  1. All pheromones have aphrodisiac qualities.
  2. The smell of pheromones can only be detected by members of the same species.
  3. In humans, the vomeronasal organs (VNOs) are found in the mucous lining of the nose.
  4. Sensitivity to pheromones is acquired in adulthood.

 

4) In pheromone research with heterosexual men, which of the following has been a typical result?

  1. Men masturbated more frequently.
  2. Men had sexual intercourse more frequently.
  3. The pheromones directly stimulated sexual behaviour.
  4. The pheromones directly affected behaviour.

 

5) What does research suggest about the effect of pheromones on the behaviour of men and women?

  1. Pheromones increase the frequency of masturbation for both men and women.
  2. Pheromones stimulate men’s sexual behavior.
  3. Pheromones enhance men’s sexual attractiveness to their partners.
  4. Pheromones affect sexual receptiveness but not moods.

 

6) Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between sexual orientation and body odours?

  1. Heterosexual males are attracted to the body odours of both heterosexual and gay men.
  2. Gay men are attracted to the body odours of heterosexual men.
  3. Lesbians are more attracted to the body odours of heterosexual men than the odours of gay men.
  4. Heterosexual females are attracted to the body odours of both lesbians and gay men.

 

7) Research suggests that women’s menstrual cycles can become synchronized when they are exposed to each other’s

  1. perspiration.
  2. menstrual blood.
  3. vaginal secretions.
  4. nasal secretions.

 

8) Which sense has the most direct effect on sexual arousal and responsiveness?

  1. smell
  2. touch
  3. vision
  4. taste

 

9) Erogenous zones are

  1. parts of the body that are especially sensitive to tactile sexual stimulation.
  2. genital areas.
  3. genital areas plus the buttocks.
  4. non-genital areas that cause stimulation like ears, inner thighs, etc.

 

10) Which of the following is not a primary erogenous zone?

  1. the anus
  2. the breasts
  3. the lower back
  4. the inner thighs

 

11) Which of the following statements is true?

  1. Primary erogenous zones are rich in nerve endings.
  2. Primary erogenous zones are learned through experience.
  3. Primary erogenous zones produce the same response in all humans.
  4. Primary erogenous zones are learned through association with sexual stimulation.

 

12) The placebo effect may explain why some people experience enhanced sexual arousal with the consumption of

  1. oysters
  2. arginine
  3. amyl nitrate
  4. L-dopa

 

13) An aphrodisiac is a

  1. drug that causes an erection in the male.
  2. substance that increases sexual pleasure and response.
  3. treatment for erectile dysfunction.
  4. substance that reduces sexual responsiveness.

 

14) Decreases in the rhinoceros population can be partially attributed to myths about the aphrodisiac properties of their

  1. testicles.
  2. horns.
  3. hooves.
  4. tails.

 

15) The most potent chemical aphrodisiac is

  1. Viagra
  2. testosterone
  3. arginine
  4. alcohol

 

16) A “popper” is

  1. a drink made from yohimbe bark.
  2. a raw oyster.
  3. an ampoule of amyl nitrate.
  4. a drink made from reindeer horn.

 

17) Viagra was originally developed as a treatment for

  1. ulcers.
  2. enlarged prostate.
  3. angina.
  4. depression.

 

18) What is potassium nitrate?

  1. an aphrodisiac
  2. an anaphrodisiac
  3. an antihypertensive
  4. a tranquilizer

 

19) Two drugs that do have aphrodisiac effects are

  1. amyl nitrate and Viagra.
  2. bupropion and L-dopa.
  3. Prozac and Tofranil.
  4. nicotine and alcohol.

 

20) Drugs that have aphrodisiac effects work by directly affecting

  1. respiration.
  2. blood flow to the genital region.
  3. brain receptors for dopamine.
  4. blood flow to the heart.

21) Which statement about alcohol is false?

  1. Large amounts can increase sex drive.
  2. It lowers sexual inhibitions.
  3. It can reduce sexual potency.
  4. It reduces central nervous system activity.

 

22) Trevor’s physician has just prescribed a tranquilizer to help Trevor cope with an anxiety disorder. One of the more common side effects Trevor might experience is

  1. reduced levels of testosterone.
  2. decreased sexual drive.
  3. premature ejaculation.
  4. heightened sexual desire.

 

23) Cheryl takes the antidepressant imipramine. Her physician is careful to explain that she might experience

  1. decreased vaginal lubrication.
  2. hot flashes.
  3. lack of sexual desire.
  4. decreased sexual inhibition.

 

24) Which is not an example of an anaphrodisiac?

  1. antiandrogen
  2. Prozac
  3. nicotine
  4. arginine

 

25) Two psychoactive drugs widely believed to have aphrodisiac effects are

  1. nicotine and alcohol.
  2. amphetamines and antidepressants.
  3. cocaine and alcohol.
  4. barbiturates and caffeine.

 

26) Daniel is very nervous about his first sexual experience. To loosen up, his friends suggest that he buy a six-pack of beer and drink it before his date arrives. You disagree. Which explanation should you give Daniel?

  1. Alcohol will only increase his sexual inhibitions.
  2. Alcohol will simply increase his anxiety.
  3. Alcohol will increase the incidence of premature ejaculation.
  4. Large amounts of alcohol will impair sexual response.

 

27) Which is not an example of an amphetamine?

  1. LSD
  2. speed
  3. crystal meth
  4. cocaine

 

28) Stimulants may heighten sexual arousal by

  1. depressing the central nervous system.
  2. dilating blood vessels throughout the body.
  3. activating the central nervous system.
  4. increasing testosterone levels.

 

29) Which street drug has recently been used as an aphrodisiac?

  1. LSD
  2. heroin
  3. cocaine
  4. crystal methamphetamine

 

30) Which part of the brain helps determine whether sensory information is a sexual turn-on or turn-off?

  1. hypothalamus
  2. cerebral cortex
  3. thalamus
  4. medulla

 

31) In experiments with rats, courting and mounting behaviour increased when researchers stimulated the

  1. hypothalamus.
  2. cerebral cortex.
  3. cerebellum.
  4. reticular activating system.

 

32) Substances secreted by endocrine glands are called

  1. neurotransmitters.
  2. enkephalins.
  3. hormones.
  4. stimulants.

 

33) Which of the following is not a secondary sex characteristic?

  1. lengthening of the vocal cords in males
  2. breast development in females
  3. pubic hair growth in males and females
  4. maturation of ova in the female

 

34) An example of the activating effect of sex hormones is

  1. sexual desire.
  2. feminine and masculine mating behaviour.
  3. prenatal sexual differentiation of the brain.
  4. differentiation of tissues into male or female genitalia.

 

35) When sex hormones influence the type of sexual behaviour that is expressed, it is called

  1. a directional effect.
  2. an organizational effect.
  3. a situational effect.
  4. an activating effect.

 

36) Which statement is true regarding sex hormones?

  1. Sex hormones act on the body and exert little influence over the brain.
  2. Prenatal sex hormones differentiate the genitalia and brain structures of males and females.
  3. Sex hormones determine the differentiation of gonads but do not play a role in sexual orientation.
  4. Prenatal sex hormones directly influence adult sexual behaviour.

 

37) Researchers speculate that transsexual individuals may have

  1. a mismatch between brain sexual organization and the differentiation of their genitals.
  2. been exposed to large amounts of estrogen in the womb.
  3. been socialized to behave in ways that are opposite to their brain sexual organization.
  4. inherited an extra X or Y chromosome.

 

38) Because of testicular cancer, Sean had to have both testes removed. As a result of the surgery, he can expect

  1. little change in sexual desire.
  2. a sudden and dramatic decrease in his ability to achieve or maintain an erection.
  3. a gradual decrease in sexual desire and performance.
  4. no decrease in sexual desire but a dramatic increase in his ability to achieve an erection.

 

39) Hypogonadism is a condition in which the

  1. testes produce an overabundance of testosterone.
  2. testes or ovaries produce an overabundance of sex hormones.
  3. ovaries do not produce enough estrogen.
  4. testes produce low levels of testosterone.

 

40) Which is true regarding female hormones?

  1. Estrogen plays a vital role in sex drive but progesterone does not.
  2. Adequate levels of both estrogen and progesterone are required to activate sexual interest.
  3. Progesterone plays the more important role in a female’s sex drive and response.
  4. Neither estrogen nor progesterone plays a role in sex drive or response.

 

41) Which of the following statements is false  regarding the effects of ovariectomies?

  1. Women usually experience a loss of sexual desire.
  2. Women no longer produce female sex hormones.
  3. Vaginal dryness may make intercourse painful.
  4. Angdrogens continue to be produced.

 

42) Some researchers have noted that a woman’s sexual activity increases at points in the menstrual cycle when

  1. estrogen levels are high.
  2. androgen levels in the bloodstream are high.
  3. both progesterone and estrogen levels are high.
  4. progesterone levels in the bloodstream drop.

 

43) According to Masters and Johnson, which of the following is not a phase in the sexual response cycle?

  1. foreplay
  2. plateau
  3. orgasm
  4. resolution

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 107

Skill: Recall

 

44) In the sexual response cycle, myotonia refers to

  1. increased respiration.
  2. elevated blood pressure.
  3. dilation of the blood vessels.
  4. muscle tension.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 107, 109

Skill: Recall

 

45) Although males and females are similar in terms of their physiological response, they differ significantly in

  1. their subjective perception of arousal.
  2. onset of arousal.
  3. duration of arousal.
  4. hormone levels related to arousal.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 109

Skill: Recall

 

46) Which of the following is not one of the types of female orgasm suggested by Singer and Singer?

  1. G-spot
  2. vulval
  3. uterine
  4. blended

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 117

Skill: Recall

 

47) The second phase of Masters and Johnson’s sexual response cycle is the plateau phase and consists of

  1. ejaculation, for males.
  2. contractions in the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory duct, and prostate gland.
  3. an advanced state of arousal.
  4. the first signs of erection or vaginal lubrication.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 109-110

Skill: Recall

 

48) The research of Meredith Chivers (2007) on sexual arousal indicates that

  1. women are more flexible than men in terms of which gender arouses them.
  2. men become aroused more quickly than women.
  3. women are not as responsive as men to sexually explicit materials.
  4. level of sexual activity depicted in videos was more important for men than for women.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 108

Skill: Recall

 

49) In females, vasocongestion swells the clitoris, flattens the labia majora, and increases the size of the ______ in the excitement phase.

  1. labia minora
  2. clitoral hood
  3. uterus
  4. perineum

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 109

Skill: Recall

 

50) The “sex flush” is

  1. a darkening of the labia to a deep wine colour.
  2. more pronounced in women.
  3. dilation of the capillaries in the skin.
  4. the flow of blood to the vaginal area during sexual stimulation.

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 109

Skill: Recall

 

51) Which of the following is an indication that a male is in the plateau phase?

  1. Erection occurs.
  2. The scrotal skin thickens.
  3. The Cowper’s gland secretes a few drops of fluid.
  4. Seminal fluid collects in the urethral bulb.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 109

Skill: Applied

 

52) Orgasm in the female results in contractions of the

  1. vaginal barrel, uterus, and anal sphincter.
  2. uterus and cervix.
  3. vaginal barrel and urethral bulb.
  4. uterus and urethra.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 112

Skill: Recall

 

53) Which of the following statements is false regarding the orgasmic phase?

  1. It consists of three distinctive phases.
  2. In males it consists of muscular contractions.
  3. The internal sphincter of the urinary bladder contracts preventing seminal fluid from entering the bladder in a backward, retrograde ejaculation.
  4. In the second stage, the external sphincter of the bladder relaxes, allowing the passage of semen.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 110-112

Skill: Applied

 

54) What propels ejaculate through the urethra and out of the body?

  1. relaxation of the vas deferens and prostate gland
  2. contraction of the external sphincter of the bladder
  3. contractions of the muscles surrounding the urethral bulb and base of the penis
  4. contractions of the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland

 

Answer: c

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 110-112

Skill: Recall

 

55) The period following orgasm, in which the body returns to its pre-aroused state, is called the

  1. final phase.
  2. rest phase.
  3. resolution phase.
  4. relaxation phase.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 112

Skill: Recall

 

56) Canadian researchers Mah and Blink (2002) studied university students to determine what characteristics were common to human experience of orgasm. Their findings supported a two-dimensional model of the psychological experience of orgasm. The two dimensions were

  1. sensory and emotional.
  2. physical and sensory.
  3. cognitive-affective and physical.
  4. sensory and interpersonal.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 113

Skill: Recall

 

57) Rosemary Basson (2001), a Vancouver therapist, developed an intimacy-based model of female sexual response. She argues her model is especially relevant for

  1. women with sexual dysfunctions.
  2. single men.
  3. women in long-term relationships.
  4. men having issues around intimacy.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 114

Skill: Recall

 

58) The term “refractory period” refers to the

  1. relaxation and drowsiness that follows orgasm and leads to sleep.
  2. period when vasocongestion and myotonia dissipate.
  3. post-orgasmic period when men no longer respond to sexual stimulaltion.
  4. period where both men’s and women’s bodies return to a pre-aroused state.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 112-113

Skill: Recall

 

59) Kaplan’s model differs from Masters and Johnson’s model because Kaplan emphasizes

  1. the neurological basis of desire.
  2. psychological factors in sexual response.
  3. sexual responses during masturbation.
  4. gender differences in sexual response.

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 114

Skill: Applied

 

60) Who developed the three-stage model for sexual response?

  1. Masters and Johnson
  2. Kaplan
  3. Basson
  4. Grafenberg

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 114

Skill: Recall

 

61) According to a study by Fisher and Sand (2007), which model of sexual response did women choose to best describe their sexual experiences?

  1. Kaplan
  2. Basson
  3. Masters and Johnson
  4. All models were equally endorsed by the women in the study.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 114

Skill: Recall

 

62) Which researcher first reported that women regularly had multiple orgasms?

  1. Kinsey
  2. Masters and Johnson
  3. Kaplan
  4. Singer

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 115

Skill: Recall

 

63) A “dry orgasm”

  1. is an orgasm where a woman fails to ejaculate fluid from the Skene’s glands.
  2. is an orgasm produced through masturbation rather than vaginal intercourse.
  3. is a series of uterine orgasms resulting from deep intravaginal penetration.
  4. is a male orgasm that occurs without ejaculation.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 115

Skill: Recall

 

64) Which of the following is not one of the five factors that Margaret Nosek and colleagues have identified as being essential for sexual wellness?

  1. positive self-concept
  2. knowledge about sexuality
  3. long-term, monogamous relationships
  4. maintenance of good general health and sexual health, within personal limitations

 

Answer: c

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 118-119

Skill: Recall

 

65) Researchers in Quebec (Courtois et al. 2007) found that

  1. some vibrators are better than others in helping men with spinal cords injuries ejaculate.
  2. men with spinal cord injury report vibratory stimulation of the A-spot.
  3. ejaculation is impossible with a vibrator in men with spinal cord injuries.
  4. men with spinal cord injuries cannot achieve erections.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 120

Skill: Recall

 

66) Barbara has arthritis. She may be limited to

  1. certain types of coital positions.
  2. the use of a diaphragm for contraception.
  3. non-coital intimacy.
  4. having infrequent sexual activity.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 121

Skill: Applied

 

67) In terms of sexual responsiveness and performance, cerebral palsy

  1. may limit types of sexual activity and positions.
  2. causes infertility.
  3. decreases sexual interest and desire.
  4. impairs the ability to achieve orgasm.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 119

Skill: Recall

 

68) Arthur is a paraplegic who injured his spine in a boating accident. The nerves affected were just above the lumbar region. In terms of sexual response, Alexander

  1. will never be able to achieve an erection.
  2. is still capable of achieving psychogenic and reflexive erections.
  3. will only be able to achieve psychogenic erections.
  4. will only be able to achieve reflexive erections.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 119

Skill: Applied

 

69) Most women with spinal cord injuries can

  1. engage in intercourse, become pregnant, and deliver vaginally.
  2. engage in intercourse and become pregnant, but cannot deliver vaginally.
  3. engage in intercourse, but cannot become pregnant.
  4. engage in intercourse, but only become pregnant in rare cases.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 120

Skill: Recall

 

70) One of the greatest impediments to sexual fulfillment among people with disabilities is

  1. the severity of their disability.
  2. lack of sexual knowledge.
  3. finding a loving and supportive partner.
  4. the inability to experience vaginal or penile sensations.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 121

Skill: Recall

 

71) When studying men with spinal cord injuries, researchers note that

  1. many are still able to ejaculate naturally.
  2. about 75% are able to achieve erection.
  3. only 50% still produce semen.
  4. 25% have received a penile implant.

 

Answer: b

Diff: 3

Type: MC

Page Reference: 120

Skill: Recall

 

72) Which of the following is not a stereotype associated with people with intellectual disabilities?

  1. They are excessively sexual.
  2. They are asexual.
  3. They cannot control their sex drive.
  4. They are bisexual.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 121

Skill: Applied

 

73) People with developmental disabilities may display inappropriate sexual behaviour because

  1. They can’t control their sexual urges.
  2. They can’t understand socially accepted standards and rules regarding sexuality.
  3. Sexual education has encouraged an interest in sexual matters.
  4. They lack education about sexuality and appropriate social conventions.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 121

Skill: Recall

 

74) For each of the following events in the sexual response cycle, match the event with the correct phase in Master and Johnson’s model. Responses can be used more than once.

 

75) The role of pheromones in sexual behaviour is not well understood.

  1. True

Correct: Correct

  1. False

Incorrect: Incorrect

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 97-98

Skill: Applied

 

76) The brain is not an erogenous zone because it is not stimulated directly by touch.

  1. True
  2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 98

Skill: Applied

 

77) Viagra is not an aphrodisiac because it does not cause sexual arousal.

  1. True

Correct: Correct

  1. False

Incorrect: Incorrect

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 100

Skill: Applied

 

78) Scientific research has concluded that many natural substances, such as ginseng and Spanish Fly, act as aphrodisiacs.

  1. True

Incorrect: Incorrect

  1. False

Correct: Correct

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 101

Skill: Applied

 

79) The differentiation of the genitalia into male or female genitalia is an example of the activating effects of the sex hormones.

  1. True

Incorrect: Incorrect

  1. False

Correct: Correct

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 104-105

Skill: Applied

 

80) The term “sex flush” refers to the reddened skin of the labia minora during the plateau phase.

  1. True

Incorrect: Incorrect

  1. False

Correct: Correct

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 110

Skill: Applied

 

81) In the first stage of a male orgasm, seminal fluids collect in the urethral bulb.

  1. True
  2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 110

Skill: Applied

 

82) Studies suggest that male and female orgasms feel very similar.

  1. True

Correct: Correct

  1. False

Incorrect: Incorrect

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 113

Skill: Applied

 

83) Males can orgasm without ejaculation.

  1. True

Correct: Correct

  1. False

Incorrect: Incorrect

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 115

Skill: Applied

 

84) According to Singer and Singer (1972), a vulval orgasm is different than the orgasm described by Masters and Johnson.

  1. True
  2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 117

Skill: Applied

 

85) Research suggests that there is a model of sexual response patterns that is common to most women.

  1. True

Incorrect: Incorrect

  1. False

Correct: Correct

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 114

Skill: Applied

 

86) The menstrual cycles of women who live together tend to synchronize.

  1. True

Correct: Correct

  1. False

Incorrect: Incorrect

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 98

Skill: Applied

 

87) The brain is a primary erogenous zone.

  1. True
  2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 98-99

Skill: Applied

 

88) There is evidence that perspiration from one female dabbed on the lips of another directly stimulates sexual response.

  1. True

Incorrect: Incorrect

  1. False

Correct: Correct

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 98

Skill: Applied

 

89) A study of the relationship between body odour and sexual orientation found that gay men preferred the scent of other gay men to that of heterosexual men.

  1. True

Correct: Correct

  1. False

Incorrect: Incorrect

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 98

Skill: Applied

 

90) People who are paralyzed due to spinal cord injuries usually can’t become sexually aroused and engage in coitus.

  1. True

Incorrect: Incorrect

  1. False

Correct: Correct

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: TF

Page Reference: 119-120

Skill: Applied

 

91) Outline the roles that each of the five senses might play in human sexual motivation and response.

 

Answer:

– Sight: visual cues and psychological arousal

– Smell: scents to psychological arousal, turn-offs due to disgust

– Touch: physical contact, both psychological and physical arousal

– Taste: biological and psychological arousal

– Sound: psychological arousal

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 96-100

Skill: Integrated

 

92) Summarize information about the effects of alcohol on sexual response, performance, and decision-making.

 

Answer:

– Alcohol in small amounts can increase sexual arousal.

– Alcohol in large amounts decreases sexual performance, and reduces good decision-making.

– Alcohol can reduce inhibition; allows for a scapegoat.

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 101-102

Skill: Integrated

 

93) Describe the terms “aphrodisiac” and “anaphrodisiac,” and give two examples of each.

 

Answer:

– Aphrodisiac: arouses or increases one’s capacity for sexual pleasure or response; e.g., oysters and testosterone.

– Anaphrodisiac: Inhibitor sexual response; e.g., potassium nitrate and tranquilizers.

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 100-101

Skill: Integrated

 

94) Discuss Kaplan’s sexual response model.

 

Answer:

– Three stages: desire, excitement, and orgasm.

– Helps clinicians to classify sexual dysfunctions.

Diff: 3

Type: ES

Page Reference: 114

Skill: Conceptual

 

95) Explain the physiological events in the two stages of male orgasm.

 

Answer:

– 1: contractions of the vas deferens the seminal vesicles, the ejaculatory duct, and prostate causing collection of fluid in urethral bulb; internal bladder constriction

– 2: external sphincter of the bladder relaxes and semen passes; contractions of the muscles surrounding the urethra and urethral bulb and the base of the penis propel ejaculate through the urethra and out; sensations of pleasure; three to four initial contractions are intense, then some less intense contractions; rates and patterns vary

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 110-112

Skill: Integrated

 

96) Discuss theories regarding the female orgasm as presented by Freud, Masters and Johnson, and Singer and Singer.

 

Answer:

Freud: two types—vaginal and clitoral

Masters & Johnson: physiologically, one type, regardless of how achieved (i.e., masturbation, intercourse, breast stimulation)

Singer and Singer: three types—vulval, uterine, and blended; type of orgasm dependent on part of body stimulated, and each type produces unique feeling of satisfaction.

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 115-117 

Skill: Integrated

 

97) Discuss how people with developmental disabilities are often stereotyped with regards to sexuality. What are some of the possible consequences of these attitudes?

 

Answer:

– asexual, childlike, innocent

– strong, uncontrollable sex drive

– inadequate access to sexuality education could leave people vulnerable to sexual abuse, lead to inappropriate sexual behaviour, compromise emotional and physical health

 

Diff: 3

Type: ES

Page Reference: 121

Skill: Conceptual

 

98) Discuss the impact of spinal cord injury on sexual function.

 

Answer:

– Spinal injury can cause changes in sensation as well as ability to have the spinal reflexes involved in arousal.

 

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 119-120

Skill: Conceptual

 

99) Using two disabilities identified in your text, discuss the challenges disabled individuals face in developing healthy sexual relationships.

 

Answer:

– visually impaired, hearing impaired, spinal cord injuries, psychological disability 

– Discuss how their impairment causes the challenges.

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 117-121

Skill: Integrated

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