Sexual Variations – Human Sexuality in a World of Diversity – Rathus – Chapter 15

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1) From a statistical perspective, a behaviour is abnormal if it

1. deviates from the norm.
2. is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
3. correlates with pathological outcomes.
4. causes harm to the self or others.

 

2) Atypical sexual behaviours are

1. harmful by definition.
2. harmless by definition.
3. statistically normal.
4. statistically unusual.

 

3) The American Psychiatric Association defines a paraphilia as

1. a persistent inability to respond to normal sexual stimuli.
2. an atypical pattern of sexual arousal/behaviour that is considered problematic by the individual or society.
3. a repeated pattern of illegal sexual behaviour.
4. a repeated pattern of sexual behaviour that the person engaging in it knows is immoral.

 

4) Based on the information provided, which of the following individuals is most likely to be diagnosed with a paraphilia?

1. John, who can become sexually aroused only if he is watching other people (who don’t know he is watching) having sex.
2. Damon, who was arrested for distributing child pornography and sometimes watches videotapes of young children engaged in sexual acts because he thinks it’s funny.
3. Traci, who frequently fantasizes about spanking her partner.
4. Julio, who sometimes likes to wear his partner’s panties and bra when they have sex.

 

5) People with paraphilias usually feel that their urges are

1. parsimonious.
2. normal.
3. random.
4. uncontrollable.

 

6) A person with a paraphilia typically

1. has difficulty sleeping during periods of episodic sexual behaviours.
2. engages in aberrant sexual behaviours during periods of low anxiety.
3. replays the paraphilic act in sexual fantasies to stimulate arousal during masturbation.
4. suppresses memories of his/her paraphilic behaviour.

 

7) Theorists have speculated that paraphilias represent a type of sexual

1. inhibition.
2. psychosis.
3. compulsion.
4. bipolar disorder.

 

8) Which factor tends to separate a paraphilia from a normal variant in sexual behaviour?

1. the frequency of the behaviour
2. the type of behaviour
3. feeling helpless to resist the behaviour
4. occasionally fantasizing about the behaviour

 

9) Which of the following statements about paraphilias is false?

1. The prevalence of paraphilias is unknown.
2. Paraphilias are more common among men than women.
3. A psychiatric diagnosis of paraphilia requires that the person is distressed by his/her sexual urges.
4. Some cases of paraphilia are harmless and victimless.

 

10) It is argued that sexual preference for particular types of people and activities are strongly influenced by cultural values. Because of such concerns, Charles Moser has proposed that the concept of ________ should be used in place of paraphilia.

1. atypical sexual disorder (ASD)
2. sexual preference disorder (SPD)
3. sexual interest disorder (SID)
4. sexual attraction disorder (SAD)

 

11) Heather becomes especially aroused when her partner wears a cowboy hat during sex. This is an example of

1. transvestism.
2. fetishism.
3. partialism
4. exhibitionism.

 

12) In which disorder does an individual become sexually aroused by certain areas of the body?

1. voyeurism
2. exhibitionism
3. frotteurism
4. partialism

 

13) Which of the following statements about transvestism is true?

1. Transvestite men are often otherwise stereotypically masculine.
2. Transvestites generally wish to become the opposite sex.
3. Transvestism is equally common among men and women.
4. Transvestism is strongly correlated with sexual orientation.

 

14) Partialism is a fetish in which an individual becomes excessively aroused by particular

1. sexual acts.
2. racial characteristics.
3. non-human species.
4. body parts.

 

15) Finding objects associated with the other gender sexually alluring only when wearing them is a type of paraphilia known as

1. exhibitionism.
2. transvestism.
3. necrophilia.
4. frotteurism.

 

16) Lenny is sexually aroused by wearing women’s underwear. What type of paraphilia does he have?

1. pedophilia
2. fetishism
3. partialism
4. transvestism

 

17) Approximately what proportion of arrests for sexual offences involves exhibitionism?

1. 1/20
2. 1/20
3. 1/5
4. 1/3

 

18) Transvestism is often confused with

1. fetishism.
2. transsexualism.
3. partialism.
4. voyeurism.

19) Which of the following statements about exhibitionism is false?

1. Exhibitionists are often thought to be sexually repressed.
2. Exhibitionism is more common among men than women.
3. The frequency of exhibitionism increases after age 40.
4. Among exhibitionists, the urge to “flash” usually begins in early adolescence.

 

20) Enrico dresses up in a frilly gown and wears a long blonde wig at the annual motorcycle show to raise money for the local children’s hospital. Enrico’s behaviour

1. is typical of most transvestites.
2. does not indicate that he has a paraphilia.
3. indicates a fetish for women’s clothing.
4. is typical of exhibitionists.

 

21) Most transvestites

1. have antisocial personality disorders.
2. keep their behaviour private.
3. enjoy enticing men into a potential sexual encounter.
4. wear articles of female clothing when having sex with their wives.

 

22) Persistent urges to expose one’s genitals to unsuspecting people for sexual arousal is typical of

1. voyeurism.
2. scatologia.
3. exhibitionism.
4. hypoxyphilia.

 

23) Exhibitionists typically have

1. a developmental disability.
2. difficulty relating to women.
3. an extroverted personality type.
4. little difficulty establishing meaningful relationships.

 

24) According to an Ontario study, approximately how many exhibitionists go on to committing other crimes?

1. 45%
2. 30%
3. 15%
4. 5%

 

25) The typical exhibitionist is

1. older, single, and sexually immature.
2. older, happily married, and sexually over-expressive.
3. young, shy, and sexually repressed.
4. young, single, but with social skills.

 

26) Exhibitionistic behaviour usually begins

40. after age 40.
41. between the ages of 20 and 30.
42. between the ages of 16 and 20.
43. between age 13 and 16.

 

27) Which of the following men is most likely to be diagnosed as an exhibitionist?

1. Alfredo, who likes to wear tight fitting shirts to show off his pecs.
2. Bob, who becomes erect when his partner smiles approvingly as he takes off his clothes.
3. Steve, who likes to engage women in conversation at the beach with an erection visible under his speedo.
4. Osama who is completely comfortable working as a male stripper.

 

28) People engaging in chat scatologia are sexually aroused by

1. sending obscene emails and instant messages.
2. talking about feces.
3. having their sex partners “talk dirty.”
4. manipulating and deceiving people in order to persuade them to have sex.

 

29) Which of the following statements about obscene phone callers is false?

1. The typical obscene phone caller is a heterosexual male.
2. Obscene phone callers usually target a woman they have seen but not met.
3. Obscene phone callers are often hoping that their victim will express shock.
4. Women who make obscene phone calls are more likely to be motivated by rage than by sexual arousal.

 

30) Mark bought an apartment on the twelfth floor across from a busy hotel in order to catch couples undressing and having intercourse. Mark’s behaviour is characteristic of

1. fetishism.
2. voyeurism.
3. exhibitionism.
4. scatologia.

 

31) Bobby likes to masturbate while peeking at a woman through a window while she undresses. This type of behaviour is called

1. frotteurism.
2. exhibitionism.
3. voyeurism.
4. fetishism.

 

32) In a Canadian study of university students, what percentages of females and males reported that they would watch a couple having sex if there was no chance they would be caught?

1. 10%; 60%
2. 40%; 70%
3. 50%; 90%
4. 5%; 40%

 

33) Which is true about voyeurs?

1. They typically do not attempt to have sex with the people they watch.
2. They are typically psychologically introverted.
3. They are usually also exhibitionists.
4. They tend to be equally aroused by pornography.

 

34) Which of the following individuals would fit the definition of a voyeur?

1. Anita, who regularly masturbates while watching porn on the internet even though there is a high probability that her partner will walk-in and see what she is doing.
2. Ho, who asks his partner to masturbate on the bed while he peeks at her while hiding in the closet.
3. Mika, who enjoys going to strip clubs several times a month either alone or with her male friends.
4. Tom, who masturbates while scanning the condominium across the street with binoculars so he can watch people having sex.

 

35) People who become sexually aroused through the experience of pain or humiliation are sexual

1. sadists.
2. toucherists.
3. masochists.
4. frotteurists.

 

36) The only paraphilia that is found with some degree of frequency in females is

1. necrophilia.
2. masochism.
3. exhibitionism.
4. fetishism.

 

37) Which of the following statements about masochism is false?

1. The eroticization of mild forms of pain falls within the normal range of sexual variation.
2. A sexual masochist is also likely to enjoy other forms of pain not associated with sex.
3. Masochism is the most common paraphilia among women.
4. Auto-erotic asphyxia is a form of masochism.

 

38) The practice of being restrained in masochistic behaviour is called?

1. flogging
2. bondage
3. crowning
4. shacking

 

39) Which of the following statements about sado-mascochism (S&M) is false?

1. Sexual sadists and masochists often form relationships.
2. S&M is a variation of B&D.
3. S&M becomes pathological when it is non-consenting and harmful.
4. Occasional S&M is common among the general population.

 

40) People who become sexually aroused by inflicting pain or humiliation on others are known as

1. frotteurists.
2. sadists.
3. masochists.
4. exhibitionists.

 

41) Which of the following statements about sado-mascochism is false?

1. It is the submissive partner who uses a safe word when his or her limit has been exceeded.
2. There is no evidence that sado-masochists have greater difficulty than other people in forming intimate relationships.
3. For some sado-masochists, arousal is derived from the ritual of control rather than the infliction of physical pain.
4. Research indicates that most sado-masochists have diverse forms of mental illness.

 

42) Bradley uses neckties to build an elaborate contraption. While he masturbates, he leans into a harness that puts pressure on the vessels in his neck. As he approaches orgasm, he increases the pressure to cut off oxygen to the brain. Bradley’s activity is typical of

1. hypoxyphilia.
2. frotteurism.
3. necrophilia.
4. coprophilia.

 

43) Who is “sadism” named after?

1. a character in an Edgar Alan Poe novel
2. French aristocrat Francois de Sadis
3. French author Marquis de Sade
4. Caligula, the Roman emperor who was known to become sexually aroused when punishing slaves

 

44) Toucherism is a form of

1. exhibitionism.
2. frotteurism.
3. voyeurism.
4. fetishism.

 

45) Frotteurism involves urges to

1. have sex with prostitutes.
2. rub against or touch a non-consenting person.
3. augment sexual arousal by cutting off oxygen supplies to the brain.
4. use enemas to heighten arousal.

 

46) In the Kinsey studies, how prevalent was zoophilia?

1. About 20% of both men and women reported having had sexual contact with animals.
2. About 20% of males but only 1% of females reported having had sexual contact with animals.
3. About 8% of men and 3–4% of women reported having had sexual contact with an animal.
4. Only 1–2% of men and women reported having had some sexual contact with an animal.

 

47) In the Kinsey studies, what percentage of adolescent farm boys had achieved orgasm through sexual contact with farm animals?

1. 5%
2. 8%
3. 11%
4. 17%

 

48) Which of the following paraphilias involves the urge to have sex with dead bodies?

1. homicidal sadism
2. necrophilia
3. corpsophilia
4. coprophilia

 

49) William needs anal stimulation through enemas to achieve sexual arousal and gratification. William’s paraphilia is called

1. coprophilia
2. klismaphilia
3. frotteurism
4. urophilia

 

50) If urine becomes eroticized during childhood, a person might develop a paraphilia called

1. klismaphilia.
2. urophilia.
3. scatophilia.
4. urinary scatologia.

 

51) A recent study used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate electrical responses in the brain among paraphilics and control subjects. It was found that paraphilic men showed a significantly greater response in the ________ part of the brain.

1. left frontal
2. right frontal
3. right mid-brain
4. left mid-brain

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 425

Skill: Recall

 

52) Classical psychoanalytic theory suggests that many cases of paraphilia are psychological defenses against

1. pre-pubertal incest.
2. intense feelings of inferiority that transfer to psychosexuality.
3. unresolved castration anxiety.
4. the id overwhelming the super ego during sexual fantasy.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 425

Skill: Recall

 

53) As a boy, Jonathan would hide in his mother’s closet and masturbate. As he continued this practice through the early years of puberty he began to eroticize his mother’s shoes which were in the closet. Over time, Jonathan developed a shoe fetish.  Given the information available, which theory offers the best explanation for Jonathan’s fetish?

1. psychoanalytic
2. sociological
3. cognitive-behavioural
4. psycho-biological

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 426

Skill: Applied

 

54) Martin Weinberg suggests that the sado-masochistic lifestyle might reflect

1. an attempt to reverse the power relationships that exist within society.
2. an association learned in childhood between sexual arousal and punishment.
3. an inability of the participants to conceptualize sexual behaviour as a way of giving and receiving affection.
4. predisposing factors such as difficulty forming intimate relationships.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 426-427

Skill: Recall

 

55) If a boy repeatedly observes exhibitionistic behaviour, he might be led to eroticize the act of exposing himself. This would be an example of the ________ as an explanation of how a paraphilia develops.

1. psychoanalytic perspective
2. cognitive- behavioural perspective
3. sociological perspective
4. integrated perspective

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 426

Skill: Applied

 

56) John Money theorized that every individual has a mental template of an ideal lover and the types of stimuli that are sexually arousing. Formed in childhood, this template is called a

1. sexual script.
2. sexual schema.
3. lovemap.
4. lustmap.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 427

Skill: Recall

 

57) Which of the following is true  regarding treatment of paraphilias?

1. Most people with paraphilias are distressed by their behaviour and seek help.
2. Many people with paraphilias seek treatment only after they come into conflict with the law.
3. People with paraphilias are highly likely to be motivated to change their behaviour.
4. People with paraphilias, treated or untreated, tend to take responsibility for their behaviour.

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 427

Skill: Applied

 

58) Which of the following statements about the treatment of paraphilic sex offenders is false?

1. Many sex offenders do not want treatment if they have a paraphilia.
2. Unless the offender is motivated to change, treatment is unlikely to be successful.
3. Paraphilic sex offenders typically claim that they are able, if necessary, to control their paraphilic behaviour.
4. Many sex offenders only receive treatment because they have been referred by the court system.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 427-428

Skill: Recall

 

59) Which is not a technique used in cognitive-behavioural therapy for paraphilia?

1. stimulus substitution
2. covert sensitization
3. aversion therapy
4. desensitization

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 428

Skill: Applied

 

60) A behaviour therapy that attempts to break the link between the sexual stimulus and sexual arousal is called

1. aversion therapy.
2. systematic desensitization.
3. covert sensitization.
4. modelling.

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 428

Skill: Recall

 

61) Pairing undesirable sexual behaviour with negative stimuli, such as mild electric shocks, is a treatment technique called

1. systematic desensitization.
2. orgasmic reconditioning.
3. stimulus substitution.
4. aversion therapy.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 428

Skill: Recall

 

62) Which is a variation of aversion therapy in which paraphilic fantasies are paired with an aversive stimulus in a client’s imagination?

1. covert sensitization
2. desensitization
3. counter arousal technique
4. contrary modeling

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 428

Skill: Recall

 

63) Which is not true about social skills training?

1. It focuses on helping the individual improve his or her ability to relate to others.
2. The client may role-play desired behaviours.
3. Attention is focused on encouraging the client to express deeper emotions.
4. The therapist might first model a desired behaviour.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 428

Skill: Applied

 

64) Nic is being treated for his paraphilia by first imagining the paraphilic object to become sexually aroused. Next, just before orgasm, he is instructed to switch from the paraphilic imagery to culturally appropriate imagery. The technique being used is called

1. social skills training.
2. aversion therapy.
3. orgasmic reconditioning.
4. systematic desensitization.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 429

Skill: Applied

 

65) The use of SSRIs to treat paraphilias is based on the assumption that paraphilias might be a

1. type of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
2. form of depression.
3. variant of post-traumatic stress disorder.
4. mood dysfunction.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 429

Skill: Recall

 

66) Grubin reported that SSRIs may be helpful in the treatment of which paraphilias?

1. sadism, frotteurism, transvestism
2. exhibitionism, voyeurism, fetishism
3. frotteurism, telephone scatologia, exhibitionism
4. toucherism, telephone scatolgia, transnvestism

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 429

Skill: Recall

 

67) In some men, the intensity of their sex drive and the urge to act on their paraphilic impulses can be lowered  through the use of

1. hydroxyalpha inhibitor.
2. protease inhibitors.
3. androgen supplementation.
4. medroxyprogesterone actate.

 

Answer: d

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 429

Skill: Applied

 

68) John Bradford, an Ottawa psychiatrist, has suggested a six-level schema for treatment of paraphilia based on the severity of the deviation. The best description of the treatment would be

1. a combination of cognitive-behavioural treatment and medication.
2. insight-oriented therapy followed by successively advanced social skills training.
3. step-wise behaviour therapy.
4. a combination of psychoanalysis and SSRI.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 430

Skill: Recall

 

69) Paul Fedoroff, an Ottawa psychiatrist, questions the value of MPA to treat paraphilia because it

1. does not deal with the underlying causes.
2. has debilitating side effects.
3. has a high refusal and dropout rate.
4. is not conducive to evaluation through clinical trials.

 

Answer: c

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 430

Skill: Recall

 

70) Which of the following is not a term utilized in the textbook to describe a psychological disorder in which a person is unable to control an excessively frequent sexual behaviour?

1. sexual addiction
2. hypersexuality
3. compulsive sexual behaviour
4. hyperphillia

 

Answer: d

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 431

Skill: Recall

 

71) A therapist who prescribes antidepressants to a patient who is unable to control extremely frequent sexual behaviours is likely informed by which of the following conceptualizations of the behaviour?

1. obsessive-compulsive
2. cognitive-behavioural
3. Jungian
4. addiction

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 431

Skill: Applied

 

72) Which of the following diagnostic categories is under consideration for inclusion in the forthcoming DSM due in May 2013?

1. masturbatory pathos
2. hypersexuality
3. hyperphilia
4. sexual addiction

 

Answer: b

Diff: 2

Type: MC

Page Reference: 428-431

Skill: Applied

 

73) According to the textbook, our scientific understanding of paraphilias

1. is in its infancy.
2. has benefited from several recent breakthroughs.
3. is well developed enough that standardized, well-evaluated, treatments are available for some of the paraphilias.
4. has been dominated by the psychoanalytic perspective.

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: MC

Page Reference: 431

Skill: Applied

 

74) For each of the following descriptions of an atypical sexual pattern, match the pattern with the correct term.

 

75) In North American culture, sexual practices such as oral sex were once considered deviant or abnormal.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 410

Skill: Applied

 

76) The psychiatric diagnosis of paraphilia requires that the person has acted on the urges or is distinctly distressed by them.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 411

Skill: Applied

 

77) Cross-dressing to achieve sexual arousal is generally a harmless and victimless paraphilia.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 413

Skill: Applied

 

78) Sexual masochism is the most common paraphilia among women.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 419

Skill: Applied

 

79) Auto-erotic asphyxia is also known as autophilia.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 420

Skill: Applied

 

80) It is common practice for most mutually agreed upon S&M scenarios to have few or any rules related to levels of power and domination.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 421

Skill: Applied

 

81) Unlike other paraphilias, exhibitionism is more common among women than men.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 417

Skill: Applied

 

82) Transvestism and transsexualism are conceptually distinct.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 414

Skill: Applied

 

83) Urophilia is rooted in urogenital abnormalities.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 424

Skill: Applied

 

84) Psychoanalytic theory suggests that many paraphilias are rooted in castration anxiety.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 425

Skill: Applied

 

85) The cognitive-behavioural perspective suggests that many fetishes and paraphilias are learned.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 426

Skill: Applied

 

86) Like exhibitionists, voyeurs seek to become sexually aroused by shocking their victims.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 417-418

Skill: Applied

 

87) Sex offenders typically claim that they are able to control their paraphilic impluses.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: b

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 427

Skill: Applied

 

88) Antidepressants are often used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders and, therefore, may be a good candidate to treat some cases of paraphilia.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 431

Skill: Applied

 

89) Psychotherapists utilizing an addiction model to understand excessively frequent, out of control, sexual behaviours are likely to encourage patients to join Sexaholics Anonymous.

1. True
2. False

 

Answer: a

Diff: 1

Type: TF

Page Reference: 430

Skill: Applied

 

90) Discuss the difficulties involved in defining normal versus abnormal sexual behaviour.

– distinction between statistical abnormality versus abnormality in terms of harm

Answer:

– a behavior is not necessarily abnormal just because not many people do it

– culture and society affect practices

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 410

Skill: Conceptual

 

91) List four different paraphilias. Describe the characteristic behaviours associated with each paraphilia and theories as to how each paraphilia develops.

 

Answer:

– fetishism, voyeurism, necrophila, klismaphilia, coprophilia, urophilia, frotteurism, zoophilia, sadism, masochism, S&M, telephone scatologia, exhibitionism, transvestism

 

Diff: 3

Type: ES

Page Reference: 413-424

Skill: Integrated

 

92) Compare and contrast the psychoanalytic and cognitive-behavioural explanations for how paraphilias develop within the individual. Give examples of how these perspectives can be applied to understanding the development of specific types of paraphilias.

 

Answer:

– psychological defences due to castration fear (psychoanalytic)

– learned behaviour (cognitive-behavioural)

– e.g., transvestism arising from castration anxiety

– e.g., fetishism arising from watching mother in childhood and eroticizing her behaviour

Diff: 3

Type: ES

Page Reference: 441

Skill: Integrated

 

93) Describe the less common paraphilias and what the potential causes of such disorders are thought to arise from.

 

Answer:

– klismaphilia: enemas—parents administering them in childhood

– coprophilia: feces—association with feces and arousal in childhood

– urophilia: urine—association with urine and arousal in childhood

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 424

Skill: Integrated

 

94) Compare and contrast sexual addiction and compulsive sexual behaviour. Describe the treatments that might be used for each condition.

 

Answer:

– Sexual addiction is similar to other addictions like alcohol and gambling.

– Compulsive sexual behaviour is considered an obsessive compulsive disorder.

– Sexaholics Anonymous is a treatment for sexual addiction.

– Anti-depressants are a treatment for compulsive sexual behaviour.

 

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 430-431

Skill: Integrated

 

95) Sexual sadism can be dangerous. Who is this paraphilia named after (and why), and what are the typical characteristics of this disorder?

 

Answer:

– Marquis de Sade; wrote books about a woman who was subjected to such acts

– persistent, powerful urges and sexual fantasies involving the inflicting of pain and suffering on others to achieve sexual arousal

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 420

Skill: Integrated

 

96) Compare and contrast systematic desensitization, aversion therapy, covert sensitization, and orgasmic reconditioning in treating a fetish.

 

Answer:

– SD: break the line between the stimulus and the inappropriate response (arousal); relax muscles, expose to stimulus but remain relaxed

– AT: paraphilia is paired repeatedly with an aversive stimulus

– CS: like AT, but fantasies are used

– OR: arouse to stimulus, then change stimulus to something appropriate

Diff: 2

Type: ES

Page Reference: 428-429

Skill: Integrated

 

97) Should Canadians be concerned with paraphilic behaviours practised between two consenting adults?

 

Answer:

– Pick an opinion and explain why.

 

Diff: 3

Type: ES

Page Reference: 410-413

Skill: Conceptual